stata实例 专业培训

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Lasso is a machine-learning technique used for model selection, prediction, and inference.
The new lasso command selects “optimal” predictors for continuous, count, and binary outcomes using deviances from linear, Poisson, logit, or probit regression models.
For instance, if you type
. lasso linear y x1-x500
lasso will select a subset of the specified covariates—say, x2, x10, x11, and x21. You can then use the standard predict command to obtain predictions of y.
If you instead have a binary or count outcome, you can use lasso logit, lasso probit, or lasso poisson in the same way. And if you prefer to select variables using the elastic net or square-root lasso method, you can use the elasticnet or sqrtlasso command.
Sometimes, variable selection or prediction is the final goal of lasso. Other times, you are interested in estimating and testing coefficients. Stata 16 provides 11 commands that allow you to estimate coefficients, standard errors, and confidence intervals and to perform tests for variables of interest while using lasso methods to select from among potential control variables. The commands are
dsregress, dslogit, dspoisson, poregress, pologit, popoisson, poivpoisson, xporegress, xpologit,
xpopoisson, and xpoivregress.
The ds commands perform double-selection lasso, the po commands perform partialing-out lasso, and the xpo commands perform cross-fit partialing-out lasso. They do this for models with continuous, binary, and count outcomes. They can even handle endogenous covariates in models for continuous outcomes. The literature currently discusses many methods for lasso-based inference. We make some of these methods available so that researchers can select their favorite. In fact, there are even more lasso-based methods of inference in the literature, and often researchers may use the tools available in lasso, sqrtlasso, and elasticnet to implement other methods.
The lasso and elasticnet commands are standard lasso tools often requested for variable selection and prediction. The lasso tools for inference implement newer methods developed primarily by econometricians. However, these inference methods will be popular in all disciplines because they provide a method for testing and interpreting coefficients on variables of interest.
Users can easily learn all about the lasso features in the new Lasso Reference Manual.

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使用Mata进行矩阵编程
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真正的文档

当Stata执行您的分析或理解使用的方法时，Stata不会让您孤立无援或订购
很多书籍来了解每个细节。
我们每一个数据管理功能都有完整的解释，并记录在案，并在实践中显示
实际的例子。每一个估计都有完全记录，包含几个真实数据的例子，真正讨论
如何解释结果。这些例子都给了数据，您可以直接在Stata中使用，甚至扩展
您的分析。我们给您快速启动每一个功能，展示一些较常用用途。想要了解更
多细节，我们的方法和公式部分提供了计算的细节，我们参考部分会给出更多
信息。
Stata


Stata的编程功能让开发者和用户
每天都可以添加各种新功能以便满足
现代研究者日益增加的功能需求。

Mata是一个成熟的编程语言，可
编译您所输入的任何字节，并进行优
化和准确执行。
尽管您不需要使用Stata进行编程，
但是它作为一个快速完成矩阵的编程
语言，是Stata功能中不可或缺的一部
分。Mata既是一个操作矩阵的互动环
境，也是一个完整开发环境，可以生
产编译和优化代码。它还包含了一些
特殊功能来处理面板数据、执行真实
或复制的矩阵运算，提供完整的支持
面向对象的编程，并完全兼容Stata。

Stata是一款完整的、集成的统计软件包，提供您需要的一切数据分析、数据管理和图形。


快速,简单并易于使用
点击式的界面和强大,直观的命令语言让Stata使用起来快速,精确并易于使用。
所有的分析结果都可以被复制和存档，并用来出版和审查。不管您什么时候写的内容，版本控制系统确保统计程序可继续生成同样的结果。
新版本的STATA采用较具亲和力的窗口接口，使用者自行建立程序时，软件能提供具有直接命令式的语法。Stata提供完整的使用手册，包含统计样本建立、解释、模型与语法、文献等**过一万余页的出版品。
除此之外，Stata软件可以透过网络实时更新每天的较新功能，更可以得知世界各地的使用者对于STATA公司提出的问题与解决之道。使用者也可以透过Stata Journal获得许许多多的相关讯息以及书籍介绍等。另外一个获取庞大资源的管道就是Statalist，它是一个独立的listserver，每月交替提供使用者**过1000个讯息以及50个程序。
使用Mata进行矩阵编程
Mata是一个成熟的编程语言，可编译您所输入的任何字节，并进行优化和准确执行。
尽管您不需要使用Stata进行编程，但是它作为一个快速完成矩阵的编程语言，是Stata功能中不可或缺的一部分。Mata既是一个操作矩阵的互动环境，也是一个完整开发环境，可以生产编译和优化代码。它还包含了一些特殊功能来处理面板数据、执行真实或复制的矩阵运算，提供完整的支持面向对象的编程，并完全兼容Stata。


跨平台兼容
Stata可在Windows，Mac和Linux/Unix电脑上运行，但是license不需要区分电脑系统。也就是说，如果您有一台Mac系统的电脑和一台Windows系统的电脑，您不需要2个license来运行Stata。您可以安装在任意支持的系统中安装Stata软件。Stata数据集、程序以及其他的数据*翻译就可以跨平台的共享。您还可以从其他的统计软件、电子报表和数据库中轻松而快速的导入数据。


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不管您是需要购买单款软件，还是制定整个实验室的购买方案，都可以提供。

Panel-data ERMs
Extended regression models (ERMs) were a big new feature last release. The ERM commands fit models that account for three common problems that arise in observational data—endogenous covariates, sample selection, and treatment—either alone or in combination.
In Stata 16, we introduce the xteregress, xteintreg, xteprobit, and xteoprobit commands for fitting panel-data ERMs. This means ERMs can now account for the three problems we mentioned above and for within-panel correlation. These new commands fit random-effects linear, interval, probit, and ordered probit regression models. They allow random effects in one or all equations, and they allow random effects to be correlated across equations.
Researchers from all disciplines who work with observational (nonexperimental) data are interested in ERMs and will be excited about the new panel-data versions of these commands. However, different disciplines talk about these models differently.
Above, we referred to the problems ERMs solve as endogenous covariates, sample selection, treatment, and within-panel correlation. While this terminology is common in some disciplines such as economics, other disciplines may use other terms.
• Instead of panel-data and within-panel correlation, researchers may ask for models for multilevel (two-level) data that account for within-group correlation.
• Instead of endogenous covariates, researchers may ask for methods of dealing with unobserved confounding or unmeasured confounding.
• Instead of sample selection, researchers may be concerned about trials with informative dropout, nonignorable nonresponse, or outcomes missing not at random (MNAR).
• Instead of treatment, researchers may ask about methods for causal inference or estimating average treatment effects (ATEs).
The important message is that all disciplines are interested in ERMs, but they often speak different languages.