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1. A GAMS model is a collection of statements in the GAMS Language. The only rule governing the ordering of
statements is that an entity of the model cannot be referenced before it is declared to exist.
2. GAMS statements may be laid out typographically in almost any style that is appealing to the user. Multiple lines per
statement, embedded blank lines, and multiple statements per line are allowed. You will get a good idea of what is
allowed from the examples in this tutorial, but precise rules of the road are given in the next Chapter.
3. When you are a beginning GAMS user, you should terminate every statement with a semicolon, as in our examples.
The GAMS compiler does not distinguish between upper-and lowercase letters, so you are free to use either.
4. Documentation is crucial to the usefulness of mathematical models. It is more useful (and most likely to be accurate)
if it is embedded within the model itself rather than written up separately. There are at least two ways to insert
documentation within a GAMS model. First, any line that starts with an asterisk in column 1 is disregarded as a
comment line by the GAMS compiler. Second, perhaps more important, documentary text can be inserted within
specific GAMS statements. All the lowercase words in the transportation model are examples of the second form of
documentation.
5. As you can see from the list of input components above, the creation of GAMS entities involves two steps: a declaration
and an assignment or definition. Declaration means declaring the existence of something and giving it a name.
Assignment or definition means giving something a specific value or form. In the case of equations, you must make the
declaration and definition in separate GAMS statements. For all other GAMS entities, however, you have the option of
making declarations and assignments in the same statement or separately.
6. The names
Model Library
When architects begin to design a new building, they develop the new structure by using ideas and techniques that have been
tested in previous structures. The same is true in other fields: design elements from previous projects serve as sources of
ideas for new developments.
From the early stages of the development of GAMS we have collected models to be used in a library of examples. Many of
these are standard textbook examples and can be used in classes on problem formulation or to illustrate points about GAMS.
Others are models that have been used in policy or sector analysis and are interesting for both the methods and the data they
use. All the substantive models in the library are described in the open literature. A collection of models is now included
with all GAMS systems, along with a database to help users locate examples that cover countries, sectors, or topics of interest
to them.
The syntax used to introduce features in the various chapters are presented using the Backus-Naur form (BNF) notation
where:
GAMS允许用户在某种程度上,用跟数学描述非常相似的方式来制定数学模型。看一下这些例子就能说明GAMS模型
的基本结构和特征以及与数学表达式的关系。GAMS让用户专注建模,通过要求简洁和的实体和关系规范,鼓励良好
的建模习惯。GAMS语言与通用编程语言形式相似,因此对于有编程经验的人来说是熟悉的。由于模型的制定方式在某种
程度上与它的数学描述类似,所以不仅是程序员,实际领域的也能理解和维护。GAMS专注于建模并且允许做所有相
关的事。
GAMS专注于其核心竞争力:让用户创建可读性、可维护的模型,用好的求解方法解决任何问题。开放的体系结构
和多个数据接口允许与外部系统无缝通信。
模型、求解器、数据、平台和用户界面立层,便于切换求解器、使用多个数据集、在多个平台运行以及将GAMS
整合到现有的应用、结构和工作流中去。
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